slub.c

/*
 * SLUB: A slab allocator that limits cache line use instead of queuing
 * objects in per cpu and per node lists.
 *
 * The allocator synchronizes using per slab locks and only
 * uses a centralized lock to manage a pool of partial slabs.
 *
 * (C) 2007 SGI, Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
 */

#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/bit_spinlock.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/seq_file.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/cpuset.h>
#include <linux/mempolicy.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/kallsyms.h>

/*
 * Lock order:
 *   1. slab_lock(page)
 *   2. slab->list_lock
 *
 *   The slab_lock protects operations on the object of a particular
 *   slab and its metadata in the page struct. If the slab lock
 *   has been taken then no allocations nor frees can be performed
 *   on the objects in the slab nor can the slab be added or removed
 *   from the partial or full lists since this would mean modifying
 *   the page_struct of the slab.
 *
 *   The list_lock protects the partial and full list on each node and
 *   the partial slab counter. If taken then no new slabs may be added or
 *   removed from the lists nor make the number of partial slabs be modified.
 *   (Note that the total number of slabs is an atomic value that may be
 *   modified without taking the list lock).
 *
 *   The list_lock is a centralized lock and thus we avoid taking it as
 *   much as possible. As long as SLUB does not have to handle partial
 *   slabs, operations can continue without any centralized lock. F.e.
 *   allocating a long series of objects that fill up slabs does not require
 *   the list lock.
 *
 *   The lock order is sometimes inverted when we are trying to get a slab
 *   off a list. We take the list_lock and then look for a page on the list
 *   to use. While we do that objects in the slabs may be freed. We can
 *   only operate on the slab if we have also taken the slab_lock. So we use
 *   a slab_trylock() on the slab. If trylock was successful then no frees
 *   can occur anymore and we can use the slab for allocations etc. If the
 *   slab_trylock() does not succeed then frees are in progress in the slab and
 *   we must stay away from it for a while since we may cause a bouncing
 *   cacheline if we try to acquire the lock. So go onto the next slab.
 *   If all pages are busy then we may allocate a new slab instead of reusing
 *   a partial slab. A new slab has noone operating on it and thus there is
 *   no danger of cacheline contention.
 *
 *   Interrupts are disabled during allocation and deallocation in order to
 *   make the slab allocator safe to use in the context of an irq. In addition
 *   interrupts are disabled to ensure that the processor does not change
 *   while handling per_cpu slabs, due to kernel preemption.
 *
 * SLUB assigns one slab for allocation to each processor.
 * Allocations only occur from these slabs called cpu slabs.
 *
 * Slabs with free elements are kept on a partial list and during regular
 * operations no list for full slabs is used. If an object in a full slab is
 * freed then the slab will show up again on the partial lists.
 * We track full slabs for debugging purposes though because otherwise we
 * cannot scan all objects.
 *
 * Slabs are freed when they become empty. Teardown and setup is
 * minimal so we rely on the page allocators per cpu caches for
 * fast frees and allocs.
 *
 * Overloading of page flags that are otherwise used for LRU management.
 *
 * PageActive 		The slab is frozen and exempt from list processing.
 * 			This means that the slab is dedicated to a purpose
 * 			such as satisfying allocations for a specific
 * 			processor. Objects may be freed in the slab while
 * 			it is frozen but slab_free will then skip the usual
 * 			list operations. It is up to the processor holding
 * 			the slab to integrate the slab into the slab lists
 * 			when the slab is no longer needed.
 *
 * 			One use of this flag is to mark slabs that are
 * 			used for allocations. Then such a slab becomes a cpu
 * 			slab. The cpu slab may be equipped with an additional
 * 			lockless_freelist that allows lockless access to
 * 			free objects in addition to the regular freelist
 * 			that requires the slab lock.
 *
 * PageError		Slab requires special handling due to debug
 * 			options set. This moves	slab handling out of
 * 			the fast path and disables lockless freelists.
 */

#define FROZEN (1 << PG_active)

#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
#define SLABDEBUG (1 << PG_error)
#else
#define SLABDEBUG 0
#endif

static inline int SlabFrozen(struct page *page)
{
	return page->flags & FROZEN;
}

static inline void SetSlabFrozen(struct page *page)
{
	page->flags |= FROZEN;
}

static inline void ClearSlabFrozen(struct page *page)
{
	page->flags &= ~FROZEN;
}

static inline int SlabDebug(struct page *page)
{
	return page->flags & SLABDEBUG;
}

static inline void SetSlabDebug(struct page *page)
{
	page->flags |= SLABDEBUG;
}

static inline void ClearSlabDebug(struct page *page)
{
	page->flags &= ~SLABDEBUG;
}

/*
 * Issues still to be resolved:
 *
 * - The per cpu array is updated for each new slab and and is a remote
 *   cacheline for most nodes. This could become a bouncing cacheline given
 *   enough frequent updates. There are 16 pointers in a cacheline, so at
 *   max 16 cpus could compete for the cacheline which may be okay.
 *
 * - Support PAGE_ALLOC_DEBUG. Should be easy to do.
 *
 * - Variable sizing of the per node arrays
 */

/* Enable to test recovery from slab corruption on boot */
#undef SLUB_RESILIENCY_TEST

#if PAGE_SHIFT <= 12

/*
 * Small page size. Make sure that we do not fragment memory
 */
#define DEFAULT_MAX_ORDER 1
#define DEFAULT_MIN_OBJECTS 4

#else

/*
 * Large page machines are customarily able to handle larger
 * page orders.
 */
#define DEFAULT_MAX_ORDER 2
#define DEFAULT_MIN_OBJECTS 8

#endif

/*
 * Mininum number of partial slabs. These will be left on the partial
 * lists even if they are empty. kmem_cache_shrink may reclaim them.
 */
#define MIN_PARTIAL 2

/*
 * Maximum number of desirable partial slabs.
 * The existence of more partial slabs makes kmem_cache_shrink
 * sort the partial list by the number of objects in the.
 */
#define MAX_PARTIAL 10

#define DEBUG_DEFAULT_FLAGS (SLAB_DEBUG_FREE | SLAB_RED_ZONE | \
				SLAB_POISON | SLAB_STORE_USER)

/*
 * Set of flags that will prevent slab merging
 */
#define SLUB_NEVER_MERGE (SLAB_RED_ZONE | SLAB_POISON | SLAB_STORE_USER | \
		SLAB_TRACE | SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU)

#define SLUB_MERGE_SAME (SLAB_DEBUG_FREE | SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT | \
		SLAB_CACHE_DMA)

#ifndef ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN
#define ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN __alignof__(unsigned long long)
#endif

#ifndef ARCH_SLAB_MINALIGN
#define ARCH_SLAB_MINALIGN __alignof__(unsigned long long)
#endif

/* Internal SLUB flags */
#define __OBJECT_POISON 0x80000000	/* Poison object */

/* Not all arches define cache_line_size */
#ifndef cache_line_size
#define cache_line_size()	L1_CACHE_BYTES
#endif

static int kmem_size = sizeof(struct kmem_cache);

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
static struct notifier_block slab_notifier;
#endif

static enum {
	DOWN,		/* No slab functionality available */
	PARTIAL,	/* kmem_cache_open() works but kmalloc does not */
	UP,		/* Everything works but does not show up in sysfs */
	SYSFS		/* Sysfs up */
} slab_state = DOWN;

/* A list of all slab caches on the system */
static DECLARE_RWSEM(slub_lock);
LIST_HEAD(slab_caches);

/*
 * Tracking user of a slab.
 */
struct track {
	void *addr;		/* Called from address */
	int cpu;		/* Was running on cpu */
	int pid;		/* Pid context */
	unsigned long when;	/* When did the operation occur */
};

enum track_item { TRACK_ALLOC, TRACK_FREE };

#if defined(CONFIG_SYSFS) && defined(CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG)
static int sysfs_slab_add(struct kmem_cache *);
static int sysfs_slab_alias(struct kmem_cache *, const char *);
static void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *);
#else
static int sysfs_slab_add(struct kmem_cache *s) { return 0; }
static int sysfs_slab_alias(struct kmem_cache *s, const char *p) { return 0; }
static void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s) {}
#endif

/********************************************************************
 * 			Core slab cache functions
 *******************************************************************/

int slab_is_available(void)
{
	return slab_state >= UP;
}

static inline struct kmem_cache_node *get_node(struct kmem_cache *s, int node)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
	return s->node[node];
#else
	return &s->local_node;
#endif
}

static inline int check_valid_pointer(struct kmem_cache *s,
				struct page *page, const void *object)
{
	void *base;

	if (!object)
		return 1;

	base = page_address(page);
	if (object < base || object >= base + s->objects * s->size ||
		(object - base) % s->size) {
		return 0;
	}

	return 1;
}

/*
 * Slow version of get and set free pointer.
 *
 * This version requires touching the cache lines of kmem_cache which
 * we avoid to do in the fast alloc free paths. There we obtain the offset
 * from the page struct.
 */
static inline void *get_freepointer(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object)
{
	return *(void **)(object + s->offset);
}

static inline void set_freepointer(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object, void *fp)
{
	*(void **)(object + s->offset) = fp;
}

/* Loop over all objects in a slab */
#define for_each_object(__p, __s, __addr) \
	for (__p = (__addr); __p < (__addr) + (__s)->objects * (__s)->size;\
			__p += (__s)->size)

/* Scan freelist */
#define for_each_free_object(__p, __s, __free) \
	for (__p = (__free); __p; __p = get_freepointer((__s), __p))

/* Determine object index from a given position */
static inline int slab_index(void *p, struct kmem_cache *s, void *addr)
{
	return (p - addr) / s->size;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
/*
 * Debug settings:
 */
static int slub_debug;

static char *slub_debug_slabs;

/*
 * Object debugging
 */
static void print_section(char *text, u8 *addr, unsigned int length)
{
	int i, offset;
	int newline = 1;
	char ascii[17];

	ascii[16] = 0;

	for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
		if (newline) {
			printk(KERN_ERR "%10s 0x%p: ", text, addr + i);
			newline = 0;
		}
		printk(" %02x", addr[i]);
		offset = i % 16;
		ascii[offset] = isgraph(addr[i]) ? addr[i] : '.';
		if (offset == 15) {
			printk(" %s\n",ascii);
			newline = 1;
		}
	}
	if (!newline) {
		i %= 16;
		while (i < 16) {
			printk("   ");
			ascii[i] = ' ';
			i++;
		}
		printk(" %s\n", ascii);
	}
}

static struct track *get_track(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object,
	enum track_item alloc)
{
	struct track *p;

	if (s->offset)
		p = object + s->offset + sizeof(void *);
	else
		p = object + s->inuse;

	return p + alloc;
}

static void set_track(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object,
				enum track_item alloc, void *addr)
{
	struct track *p;

	if (s->offset)
		p = object + s->offset + sizeof(void *);
	else
		p = object + s->inuse;

	p += alloc;
	if (addr) {
		p->addr = addr;
		p->cpu = smp_processor_id();
		p->pid = current ? current->pid : -1;
		p->when = jiffies;
	} else
		memset(p, 0, sizeof(struct track));
}

static void init_tracking(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object)
{
	if (s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER) {
		set_track(s, object, TRACK_FREE, NULL);
		set_track(s, object, TRACK_ALLOC, NULL);
	}
}

static void print_track(const char *s, struct track *t)
{
	if (!t->addr)
		return;

	printk(KERN_ERR "%s: ", s);
	__print_symbol("%s", (unsigned long)t->addr);
	printk(" jiffies_ago=%lu cpu=%u pid=%d\n", jiffies - t->when, t->cpu, t->pid);
}

static void print_trailer(struct kmem_cache *s, u8 *p)
{
	unsigned int off;	/* Offset of last byte */

	if (s->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE)
		print_section("Redzone", p + s->objsize,
			s->inuse - s->objsize);

	printk(KERN_ERR "FreePointer 0x%p -> 0x%p\n",
			p + s->offset,
			get_freepointer(s, p));

	if (s->offset)
		off = s->offset + sizeof(void *);
	else
		off = s->inuse;

	if (s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER) {
		print_track("Last alloc", get_track(s, p, TRACK_ALLOC));
		print_track("Last free ", get_track(s, p, TRACK_FREE));
		off += 2 * sizeof(struct track);
	}

	if (off != s->size)
		/* Beginning of the filler is the free pointer */
		print_section("Filler", p + off, s->size - off);
}

static void object_err(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
			u8 *object, char *reason)
{
	u8 *addr = page_address(page);

	printk(KERN_ERR "*** SLUB %s: %s@0x%p slab 0x%p\n",
			s->name, reason, object, page);
	printk(KERN_ERR "    offset=%tu flags=0x%04lx inuse=%u freelist=0x%p\n",
		object - addr, page->flags, page->inuse, page->freelist);
	if (object > addr + 16)
		print_section("Bytes b4", object - 16, 16);
	print_section("Object", object, min(s->objsize, 128));
	print_trailer(s, object);
	dump_stack();
}

static void slab_err(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, char *reason, ...)
{
	va_list args;
	char buf[100];

	va_start(args, reason);
	vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), reason, args);
	va_end(args);
	printk(KERN_ERR "*** SLUB %s: %s in slab @0x%p\n", s->name, buf,
		page);
	dump_stack();
}

static void init_object(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object, int active)
{
	u8 *p = object;

	if (s->flags & __OBJECT_POISON) {
		memset(p, POISON_FREE, s->objsize - 1);
		p[s->objsize -1] = POISON_END;
	}

	if (s->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE)
		memset(p + s->objsize,
			active ? SLUB_RED_ACTIVE : SLUB_RED_INACTIVE,
			s->inuse - s->objsize);
}

static int check_bytes(u8 *start, unsigned int value, unsigned int bytes)
{
	while (bytes) {
		if (*start != (u8)value)
			return 0;
		start++;
		bytes--;
	}
	return 1;
}

/*
 * Object layout:
 *
 * object address
 * 	Bytes of the object to be managed.
 * 	If the freepointer may overlay the object then the free
 * 	pointer is the first word of the object.
 *
 * 	Poisoning uses 0x6b (POISON_FREE) and the last byte is
 * 	0xa5 (POISON_END)
 *
 * object + s->objsize
 * 	Padding to reach word boundary. This is also used for Redzoning.
 * 	Padding is extended by another word if Redzoning is enabled and
 * 	objsize == inuse.
 *
 * 	We fill with 0xbb (RED_INACTIVE) for inactive objects and with
 * 	0xcc (RED_ACTIVE) for objects in use.
 *
 * object + s->inuse
 * 	Meta data starts here.
 *
 * 	A. Free pointer (if we cannot overwrite object on free)
 * 	B. Tracking data for SLAB_STORE_USER
 * 	C. Padding to reach required alignment boundary or at mininum
 * 		one word if debuggin is on to be able to detect writes
 * 		before the word boundary.
 *
 *	Padding is done using 0x5a (POISON_INUSE)
 *
 * object + s->size
 * 	Nothing is used beyond s->size.
 *
 * If slabcaches are merged then the objsize and inuse boundaries are mostly
 * ignored. And therefore no slab options that rely on these boundaries
 * may be used with merged slabcaches.
 */

static void restore_bytes(struct kmem_cache *s, char *message, u8 data,
						void *from, void *to)
{
	printk(KERN_ERR "@@@ SLUB %s: Restoring %s (0x%x) from 0x%p-0x%p\n",
		s->name, message, data, from, to - 1);
	memset(from, data, to - from);
}

static int check_pad_bytes(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, u8 *p)
{
	unsigned long off = s->inuse;	/* The end of info */

	if (s->offset)
		/* Freepointer is placed after the object. */
		off += sizeof(void *);

	if (s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
		/* We also have user information there */
		off += 2 * sizeof(struct track);

	if (s->size == off)
		return 1;

	if (check_bytes(p + off, POISON_INUSE, s->size - off))
		return 1;

	object_err(s, page, p, "Object padding check fails");

	/*
	 * Restore padding
	 */
	restore_bytes(s, "object padding", POISON_INUSE, p + off, p + s->size);
	return 0;
}

static int slab_pad_check(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page)
{
	u8 *p;
	int length, remainder;

	if (!(s->flags & SLAB_POISON))
		return 1;

	p = page_address(page);
	length = s->objects * s->size;
	remainder = (PAGE_SIZE << s->order) - length;
	if (!remainder)
		return 1;

	if (!check_bytes(p + length, POISON_INUSE, remainder)) {
		slab_err(s, page, "Padding check failed");
		restore_bytes(s, "slab padding", POISON_INUSE, p + length,
			p + length + remainder);
		return 0;
	}
	return 1;
}

static int check_object(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
					void *object, int active)
{
	u8 *p = object;
	u8 *endobject = object + s->objsize;

	if (s->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
		unsigned int red =
			active ? SLUB_RED_ACTIVE : SLUB_RED_INACTIVE;

		if (!check_bytes(endobject, red, s->inuse - s->objsize)) {
			object_err(s, page, object,
			active ? "Redzone Active" : "Redzone Inactive");
			restore_bytes(s, "redzone", red,
				endobject, object + s->inuse);
			return 0;
		}
	} else {
		if ((s->flags & SLAB_POISON) && s->objsize < s->inuse &&
			!check_bytes(endobject, POISON_INUSE,
					s->inuse - s->objsize)) {
		object_err(s, page, p, "Alignment padding check fails");
		/*
		 * Fix it so that there will not be another report.
		 *
		 * Hmmm... We may be corrupting an object that now expects
		 * to be longer than allowed.
		 */
		restore_bytes(s, "alignment padding", POISON_INUSE,
			endobject, object + s->inuse);
		}
	}

	if (s->flags & SLAB_POISON) {
		if (!active && (s->flags & __OBJECT_POISON) &&
			(!check_bytes(p, POISON_FREE, s->objsize - 1) ||
				p[s->objsize - 1] != POISON_END)) {

			object_err(s, page, p, "Poison check failed");
			restore_bytes(s, "Poison", POISON_FREE,
						p, p + s->objsize -1);
			restore_bytes(s, "Poison", POISON_END,
					p + s->objsize - 1, p + s->objsize);
			return 0;
		}
		/*
		 * check_pad_bytes cleans up on its own.
		 */
		check_pad_bytes(s, page, p);
	}

	if (!s->offset && active)
		/*
		 * Object and freepointer overlap. Cannot check
		 * freepointer while object is allocated.
		 */
		return 1;

	/* Check free pointer validity */
	if (!check_valid_pointer(s, page, get_freepointer(s, p))) {
		object_err(s, page, p, "Freepointer corrupt");
		/*
		 * No choice but to zap it and thus loose the remainder
		 * of the free objects in this slab. May cause
		 * another error because the object count is now wrong.
		 */
		set_freepointer(s, p, NULL);
		return 0;
	}
	return 1;
}

static int check_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page)
{
	VM_BUG_ON(!irqs_disabled());

	if (!PageSlab(page)) {
		slab_err(s, page, "Not a valid slab page flags=%lx "
			"mapping=0x%p count=%d", page->flags, page->mapping,
			page_count(page));
		return 0;
	}
	if (page->offset * sizeof(void *) != s->offset) {
		slab_err(s, page, "Corrupted offset %lu flags=0x%lx "
			"mapping=0x%p count=%d",
			(unsigned long)(page->offset * sizeof(void *)),
			page->flags,
			page->mapping,
			page_count(page));
		return 0;
	}
	if (page->inuse > s->objects) {
		slab_err(s, page, "inuse %u > max %u @0x%p flags=%lx "
			"mapping=0x%p count=%d",
			s->name, page->inuse, s->objects, page->flags,
			page->mapping, page_count(page));
		return 0;
	}
	/* Slab_pad_check fixes things up after itself */
	slab_pad_check(s, page);
	return 1;
}

/*
 * Determine if a certain object on a page is on the freelist. Must hold the
 * slab lock to guarantee that the chains are in a consistent state.
 */
static int on_freelist(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, void *search)
{
	int nr = 0;
	void *fp = page->freelist;
	void *object = NULL;

	while (fp && nr <= s->objects) {
		if (fp == search)
			return 1;
		if (!check_valid_pointer(s, page, fp)) {
			if (object) {
				object_err(s, page, object,
					"Freechain corrupt");
				set_freepointer(s, object, NULL);
				break;
			} else {
				slab_err(s, page, "Freepointer 0x%p corrupt",
									fp);
				page->freelist = NULL;
				page->inuse = s->objects;
				printk(KERN_ERR "@@@ SLUB %s: Freelist "
					"cleared. Slab 0x%p\n",
					s->name, page);
				return 0;
			}
			break;
		}
		object = fp;
		fp = get_freepointer(s, object);
		nr++;
	}

	if (page->inuse != s->objects - nr) {
		slab_err(s, page, "Wrong object count. Counter is %d but "
			"counted were %d", s, page, page->inuse,
							s->objects - nr);
		page->inuse = s->objects - nr;
		printk(KERN_ERR "@@@ SLUB %s: Object count adjusted. "
			"Slab @0x%p\n", s->name, page);
	}
	return search == NULL;
}

/*
 * Tracking of fully allocated slabs for debugging purposes.
 */
static void add_full(struct kmem_cache_node *n, struct page *page)
{
	spin_lock(&n->list_lock);
	list_add(&page->lru, &n->full);
	spin_unlock(&n->list_lock);
}

static void remove_full(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page)
{
	struct kmem_cache_node *n;

	if (!(s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER))
		return;

	n = get_node(s, page_to_nid(page));

	spin_lock(&n->list_lock);
	list_del(&page->lru);
	spin_unlock(&n->list_lock);
}

static int alloc_object_checks(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
							void *object)
{
	if (!check_slab(s, page))
		goto bad;

	if (object && !on_freelist(s, page, object)) {
		slab_err(s, page, "Object 0x%p already allocated", object);
		goto bad;
	}

	if (!check_valid_pointer(s, page, object)) {
		object_err(s, page, object, "Freelist Pointer check fails");
		goto bad;
	}

	if (!object)
		return 1;

	if (!check_object(s, page, object, 0))
		goto bad;

	return 1;
bad:
	if (PageSlab(page)) {
		/*
		 * If this is a slab page then lets do the best we can
		 * to avoid issues in the future. Marking all objects
		 * as used avoids touching the remaining objects.
		 */
		printk(KERN_ERR "@@@ SLUB: %s slab 0x%p. Marking all objects used.\n",
			s->name, page);
		page->inuse = s->objects;
		page->freelist = NULL;
		/* Fix up fields that may be corrupted */
		page->offset = s->offset / sizeof(void *);
	}
	return 0;
}

static int free_object_checks(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
							void *object)
{
	if (!check_slab(s, page))
		goto fail;

	if (!check_valid_pointer(s, page, object)) {
		slab_err(s, page, "Invalid object pointer 0x%p", object);
		goto fail;
	}

	if (on_freelist(s, page, object)) {
		slab_err(s, page, "Object 0x%p already free", object);
		goto fail;
	}

	if (!check_object(s, page, object, 1))
		return 0;

	if (unlikely(s != page->slab)) {
		if (!PageSlab(page))
			slab_err(s, page, "Attempt to free object(0x%p) "
				"outside of slab", object);
		else
		if (!page->slab) {
			printk(KERN_ERR
				"SLUB <none>: no slab for object 0x%p.\n",
						object);
			dump_stack();
		}
		else
			slab_err(s, page, "object at 0x%p belongs "
				"to slab %s", object, page->slab->name);
		goto fail;
	}
	return 1;
fail:
	printk(KERN_ERR "@@@ SLUB: %s slab 0x%p object at 0x%p not freed.\n",
		s->name, page, object);
	return 0;
}

static void trace(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, void *object, int alloc)
{
	if (s->flags & SLAB_TRACE) {
		printk(KERN_INFO "TRACE %s %s 0x%p inuse=%d fp=0x%p\n",
			s->name,
			alloc ? "alloc" : "free",
			object, page->inuse,
			page->freelist);

		if (!alloc)
			print_section("Object", (void *)object, s->objsize);

		dump_stack();
	}
}

static int __init setup_slub_debug(char *str)
{
	if (!str || *str != '=')
		slub_debug = DEBUG_DEFAULT_FLAGS;
	else {
		str++;
		if (*str == 0 || *str == ',')
			slub_debug = DEBUG_DEFAULT_FLAGS;
		else
		for( ;*str && *str != ','; str++)
			switch (*str) {
			case 'f' : case 'F' :
				slub_debug |= SLAB_DEBUG_FREE;
				break;
			case 'z' : case 'Z' :
				slub_debug |= SLAB_RED_ZONE;
				break;
			case 'p' : case 'P' :
				slub_debug |= SLAB_POISON;
				break;
			case 'u' : case 'U' :
				slub_debug |= SLAB_STORE_USER;
				break;
			case 't' : case 'T' :
				slub_debug |= SLAB_TRACE;
				break;
			default:
				printk(KERN_ERR "slub_debug option '%c' "
					"unknown. skipped\n",*str);
			}
	}

	if (*str == ',')
		slub_debug_slabs = str + 1;
	return 1;
}

__setup("slub_debug", setup_slub_debug);

static void kmem_cache_open_debug_check(struct kmem_cache *s)
{
	/*
	 * The page->offset field is only 16 bit wide. This is an offset
	 * in units of words from the beginning of an object. If the slab
	 * size is bigger then we cannot move the free pointer behind the
	 * object anymore.
	 *
	 * On 32 bit platforms the limit is 256k. On 64bit platforms
	 * the limit is 512k.
	 *
	 * Debugging or ctor may create a need to move the free
	 * pointer. Fail if this happens.
	 */
	if (s->size >= 65535 * sizeof(void *)) {
		BUG_ON(s->flags & (SLAB_RED_ZONE | SLAB_POISON |
				SLAB_STORE_USER | SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU));
		BUG_ON(s->ctor);
	}
	else
		/*
		 * Enable debugging if selected on the kernel commandline.
		 */
		if (slub_debug && (!slub_debug_slabs ||
		    strncmp(slub_debug_slabs, s->name,
		    	strlen(slub_debug_slabs)) == 0))
				s->flags |= slub_debug;
}
#else

static inline int alloc_object_checks(struct kmem_cache *s,
		struct page *page, void *object) { return 0; }

static inline int free_object_checks(struct kmem_cache *s,
		struct page *page, void *object) { return 0; }

static inline void add_full(struct kmem_cache_node *n, struct page *page) {}
static inline void remove_full(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page) {}
static inline void trace(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
			void *object, int alloc) {}
static inline void init_object(struct kmem_cache *s,
			void *object, int active) {}
static inline void init_tracking(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object) {}
static inline int slab_pad_check(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page)
			{ return 1; }
static inline int check_object(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
			void *object, int active) { return 1; }
static inline void set_track(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object,
			enum track_item alloc, void *addr) {}
static inline void kmem_cache_open_debug_check(struct kmem_cache *s) {}
#define slub_debug 0
#endif
/*
 * Slab allocation and freeing
 */
static struct page *allocate_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t flags, int node)
{
	struct page * page;
	int pages = 1 << s->order;

	if (s->order)
		flags |= __GFP_COMP;

	if (s->flags & SLAB_CACHE_DMA)
		flags |= SLUB_DMA;

	if (node == -1)
		page = alloc_pages(flags, s->order);
	else
		page = alloc_pages_node(node, flags, s->order);

	if (!page)
		return NULL;

	mod_zone_page_state(page_zone(page),
		(s->flags & SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT) ?
		NR_SLAB_RECLAIMABLE : NR_SLAB_UNRECLAIMABLE,
		pages);

	return page;
}

static void setup_object(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
				void *object)
{
	if (SlabDebug(page)) {
		init_object(s, object, 0);
		init_tracking(s, object);
	}

	if (unlikely(s->ctor))
		s->ctor(object, s, 0);
}

static struct page *new_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t flags, int node)
{
	struct page *page;
	struct kmem_cache_node *n;
	void *start;
	void *end;
	void *last;
	void *p;

	BUG_ON(flags & ~(GFP_DMA | GFP_LEVEL_MASK));

	if (flags & __GFP_WAIT)
		local_irq_enable();

	page = allocate_slab(s, flags & GFP_LEVEL_MASK, node);
	if (!page)
		goto out;

	n = get_node(s, page_to_nid(page));
	if (n)
		atomic_long_inc(&n->nr_slabs);
	page->offset = s->offset / sizeof(void *);
	page->slab = s;
	page->flags |= 1 << PG_slab;
	if (s->flags & (SLAB_DEBUG_FREE | SLAB_RED_ZONE | SLAB_POISON |
			SLAB_STORE_USER | SLAB_TRACE))
		SetSlabDebug(page);

	start = page_address(page);
	end = start + s->objects * s->size;

	if (unlikely(s->flags & SLAB_POISON))
		memset(start, POISON_INUSE, PAGE_SIZE << s->order);

	last = start;
	for_each_object(p, s, start) {
		setup_object(s, page, last);
		set_freepointer(s, last, p);
		last = p;
	}
	setup_object(s, page, last);
	set_freepointer(s, last, NULL);

	page->freelist = start;
	page->lockless_freelist = NULL;
	page->inuse = 0;
out:
	if (flags & __GFP_WAIT)
		local_irq_disable();
	return page;
}

static void __free_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page)
{
	int pages = 1 << s->order;

	if (unlikely(SlabDebug(page))) {
		void *p;

		slab_pad_check(s, page);
		for_each_object(p, s, page_address(page))
			check_object(s, page, p, 0);
	}

	mod_zone_page_state(page_zone(page),
		(s->flags & SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT) ?
		NR_SLAB_RECLAIMABLE : NR_SLAB_UNRECLAIMABLE,
		- pages);

	page->mapping = NULL;
	__free_pages(page, s->order);
}

static void rcu_free_slab(struct rcu_head *h)
{
	struct page *page;

	page = container_of((struct list_head *)h, struct page, lru);
	__free_slab(page->slab, page);
}

static void free_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page)
{
	if (unlikely(s->flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU)) {
		/*
		 * RCU free overloads the RCU head over the LRU
		 */
		struct rcu_head *head = (void *)&page->lru;

		call_rcu(head, rcu_free_slab);
	} else
		__free_slab(s, page);
}

static void discard_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page)
{
	struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, page_to_nid(page));

	atomic_long_dec(&n->nr_slabs);
	reset_page_mapcount(page);
	ClearSlabDebug(page);
	__ClearPageSlab(page);
	free_slab(s, page);
}

/*
 * Per slab locking using the pagelock
 */
static __always_inline void slab_lock(struct page *page)
{
	bit_spin_lock(PG_locked, &page->flags);
}

static __always_inline void slab_unlock(struct page *page)
{
	bit_spin_unlock(PG_locked, &page->flags);
}

static __always_inline int slab_trylock(struct page *page)
{
	int rc = 1;

	rc = bit_spin_trylock(PG_locked, &page->flags);
	return rc;
}

/*
 * Management of partially allocated slabs
 */
static void add_partial_tail(struct kmem_cache_node *n, struct page *page)
{
	spin_lock(&n->list_lock);
	n->nr_partial++;
	list_add_tail(&page->lru, &n->partial);
	spin_unlock(&n->list_lock);
}

static void add_partial(struct kmem_cache_node *n, struct page *page)
{
	spin_lock(&n->list_lock);
	n->nr_partial++;
	list_add(&page->lru, &n->partial);
	spin_unlock(&n->list_lock);
}

static void remove_partial(struct kmem_cache *s,
						struct page *page)
{
	struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, page_to_nid(page));

	spin_lock(&n->list_lock);
	list_del(&page->lru);
	n->nr_partial--;
	spin_unlock(&n->list_lock);
}

/*
 * Lock slab and remove from the partial list.
 *
 * Must hold list_lock.
 */
static inline int lock_and_freeze_slab(struct kmem_cache_node *n, struct page *page)
{
	if (slab_trylock(page)) {
		list_del(&page->lru);
		n->nr_partial--;
		SetSlabFrozen(page);
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Try to allocate a partial slab from a specific node.
 */
static struct page *get_partial_node(struct kmem_cache_node *n)
{
	struct page *page;

	/*
	 * Racy check. If we mistakenly see no partial slabs then we
	 * just allocate an empty slab. If we mistakenly try to get a
	 * partial slab and there is none available then get_partials()
	 * will return NULL.
	 */
	if (!n || !n->nr_partial)
		return NULL;

	spin_lock(&n->list_lock);
	list_for_each_entry(page, &n->partial, lru)
		if (lock_and_freeze_slab(n, page))
			goto out;
	page = NULL;
out:
	spin_unlock(&n->list_lock);
	return page;
}

/*
 * Get a page from somewhere. Search in increasing NUMA distances.
 */
static struct page *get_any_partial(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t flags)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
	struct zonelist *zonelist;
	struct zone **z;
	struct page *page;

	/*
	 * The defrag ratio allows a configuration of the tradeoffs between
	 * inter node defragmentation and node local allocations. A lower
	 * defrag_ratio increases the tendency to do local allocations
	 * instead of attempting to obtain partial slabs from other nodes.
	 *
	 * If the defrag_ratio is set to 0 then kmalloc() always
	 * returns node local objects. If the ratio is higher then kmalloc()
	 * may return off node objects because partial slabs are obtained
	 * from other nodes and filled up.
	 *
	 * If /sys/slab/xx/defrag_ratio is set to 100 (which makes
	 * defrag_ratio = 1000) then every (well almost) allocation will
	 * first attempt to defrag slab caches on other nodes. This means
	 * scanning over all nodes to look for partial slabs which may be
	 * expensive if we do it every time we are trying to find a slab
	 * with available objects.
	 */
	if (!s->defrag_ratio || get_cycles() % 1024 > s->defrag_ratio)
		return NULL;

	zonelist = &NODE_DATA(slab_node(current->mempolicy))
					->node_zonelists[gfp_zone(flags)];
	for (z = zonelist->zones; *z; z++) {
		struct kmem_cache_node *n;

		n = get_node(s, zone_to_nid(*z));

		if (n && cpuset_zone_allowed_hardwall(*z, flags) &&
				n->nr_partial > MIN_PARTIAL) {
			page = get_partial_node(n);
			if (page)
				return page;
		}
	}
#endif
	return NULL;
}

/*
 * Get a partial page, lock it and return it.
 */
static struct page *get_partial(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t flags, int node)
{
	struct page *page;
	int searchnode = (node == -1) ? numa_node_id() : node;

	page = get_partial_node(get_node(s, searchnode));
	if (page || (flags & __GFP_THISNODE))
		return page;

	return get_any_partial(s, flags);
}

/*
 * Move a page back to the lists.
 *
 * Must be called with the slab lock held.
 *
 * On exit the slab lock will have been dropped.
 */
static void unfreeze_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page)
{
	struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, page_to_nid(page));

	ClearSlabFrozen(page);
	if (page->inuse) {

		if (page->freelist)
			add_partial(n, page);
		else if (SlabDebug(page) && (s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER))
			add_full(n, page);
		slab_unlock(page);

	} else {
		if (n->nr_partial < MIN_PARTIAL) {
			/*
			 * Adding an empty slab to the partial slabs in order
			 * to avoid page allocator overhead. This slab needs
			 * to come after the other slabs with objects in
			 * order to fill them up. That way the size of the
			 * partial list stays small. kmem_cache_shrink can
			 * reclaim empty slabs from the partial list.
			 */
			add_partial_tail(n, page);
			slab_unlock(page);
		} else {
			slab_unlock(page);
			discard_slab(s, page);
		}
	}
}

/*
 * Remove the cpu slab
 */
static void deactivate_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, int cpu)
{
	/*
	 * Merge cpu freelist into freelist. Typically we get here
	 * because both freelists are empty. So this is unlikely
	 * to occur.
	 */
	while (unlikely(page->lockless_freelist)) {
		void **object;

		/* Retrieve object from cpu_freelist */
		object = page->lockless_freelist;
		page->lockless_freelist = page->lockless_freelist[page->offset];

		/* And put onto the regular freelist */
		object[page->offset] = page->freelist;
		page->freelist = object;
		page->inuse--;
	}
	s->cpu_slab[cpu] = NULL;
	unfreeze_slab(s, page);
}

static void flush_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, int cpu)
{
	slab_lock(page);
	deactivate_slab(s, page, cpu);
}

/*
 * Flush cpu slab.
 * Called from IPI handler with interrupts disabled.
 */
static void __flush_cpu_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, int cpu)
{
	struct page *page = s->cpu_slab[cpu];

	if (likely(page))
		flush_slab(s, page, cpu);
}

static void flush_cpu_slab(void *d)
{
	struct kmem_cache *s = d;
	int cpu = smp_processor_id();

	__flush_cpu_slab(s, cpu);
}

static void flush_all(struct kmem_cache *s)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	on_each_cpu(flush_cpu_slab, s, 1, 1);
#else
	unsigned long flags;

	local_irq_save(flags);
	flush_cpu_slab(s);
	local_irq_restore(flags);
#endif
}

/*
 * Slow path. The lockless freelist is empty or we need to perform
 * debugging duties.
 *
 * Interrupts are disabled.
 *
 * Processing is still very fast if new objects have been freed to the
 * regular freelist. In that case we simply take over the regular freelist
 * as the lockless freelist and zap the regular freelist.
 *
 * If that is not working then we fall back to the partial lists. We take the
 * first element of the freelist as the object to allocate now and move the
 * rest of the freelist to the lockless freelist.
 *
 * And if we were unable to get a new slab from the partial slab lists then
 * we need to allocate a new slab. This is slowest path since we may sleep.
 */
static void *__slab_alloc(struct kmem_cache *s,
		gfp_t gfpflags, int node, void *addr, struct page *page)
{
	void **object;
	int cpu = smp_processor_id();

	if (!page)
		goto new_slab;

	slab_lock(page);
	if (unlikely(node != -1 && page_to_nid(page) != node))
		goto another_slab;
load_freelist:
	object = page->freelist;
	if (unlikely(!object))
		goto another_slab;
	if (unlikely(SlabDebug(page)))
		goto debug;

	object = page->freelist;
	page->lockless_freelist = object[page->offset];
	page->inuse = s->objects;
	page->freelist = NULL;
	slab_unlock(page);
	return object;

another_slab:
	deactivate_slab(s, page, cpu);

new_slab:
	page = get_partial(s, gfpflags, node);
	if (page) {
		s->cpu_slab[cpu] = page;
		goto load_freelist;
	}

	page = new_slab(s, gfpflags, node);
	if (page) {
		cpu = smp_processor_id();
		if (s->cpu_slab[cpu]) {
			/*
			 * Someone else populated the cpu_slab while we
			 * enabled interrupts, or we have gotten scheduled
			 * on another cpu. The page may not be on the
			 * requested node even if __GFP_THISNODE was
			 * specified. So we need to recheck.
			 */
			if (node == -1 ||
				page_to_nid(s->cpu_slab[cpu]) == node) {
				/*
				 * Current cpuslab is acceptable and we
				 * want the current one since its cache hot
				 */
				discard_slab(s, page);
				page = s->cpu_slab[cpu];
				slab_lock(page);
				goto load_freelist;
			}
			/* New slab does not fit our expectations */
			flush_slab(s, s->cpu_slab[cpu], cpu);
		}
		slab_lock(page);
		SetSlabFrozen(page);
		s->cpu_slab[cpu] = page;
		goto load_freelist;
	}
	return NULL;
debug:
	object = page->freelist;
	if (!alloc_object_checks(s, page, object))
		goto another_slab;
	if (s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
		set_track(s, object, TRACK_ALLOC, addr);
	trace(s, page, object, 1);
	init_object(s, object, 1);

	page->inuse++;
	page->freelist = object[page->offset];
	slab_unlock(page);
	return object;
}

/*
 * Inlined fastpath so that allocation functions (kmalloc, kmem_cache_alloc)
 * have the fastpath folded into their functions. So no function call
 * overhead for requests that can be satisfied on the fastpath.
 *
 * The fastpath works by first checking if the lockless freelist can be used.
 * If not then __slab_alloc is called for slow processing.
 *
 * Otherwise we can simply pick the next object from the lockless free list.
 */
static void __always_inline *slab_alloc(struct kmem_cache *s,
				gfp_t gfpflags, int node, void *addr)
{
	struct page *page;
	void **object;
	unsigned long flags;

	local_irq_save(flags);
	page = s->cpu_slab[smp_processor_id()];
	if (unlikely(!page || !page->lockless_freelist ||
			(node != -1 && page_to_nid(page) != node)))

		object = __slab_alloc(s, gfpflags, node, addr, page);

	else {
		object = page->lockless_freelist;
		page->lockless_freelist = object[page->offset];
	}
	local_irq_restore(flags);
	return object;
}

void *kmem_cache_alloc(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t gfpflags)
{
	return slab_alloc(s, gfpflags, -1, __builtin_return_address(0));
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_alloc);

#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
void *kmem_cache_alloc_node(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t gfpflags, int node)
{
	return slab_alloc(s, gfpflags, node, __builtin_return_address(0));
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_alloc_node);
#endif

/*
 * Slow patch handling. This may still be called frequently since objects
 * have a longer lifetime than the cpu slabs in most processing loads.
 *
 * So we still attempt to reduce cache line usage. Just take the slab
 * lock and free the item. If there is no additional partial page
 * handling required then we can return immediately.
 */
static void __slab_free(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
					void *x, void *addr)
{
	void *prior;
	void **object = (void *)x;

	slab_lock(page);

	if (unlikely(SlabDebug(page)))
		goto debug;
checks_ok:
	prior = object[page->offset] = page->freelist;
	page->freelist = object;
	page->inuse--;

	if (unlikely(SlabFrozen(page)))
		goto out_unlock;

	if (unlikely(!page->inuse))
		goto slab_empty;

	/*
	 * Objects left in the slab. If it
	 * was not on the partial list before
	 * then add it.
	 */
	if (unlikely(!prior))
		add_partial(get_node(s, page_to_nid(page)), page);

out_unlock:
	slab_unlock(page);
	return;

slab_empty:
	if (prior)
		/*
		 * Slab still on the partial list.
		 */
		remove_partial(s, page);

	slab_unlock(page);
	discard_slab(s, page);
	return;

debug:
	if (!free_object_checks(s, page, x))
		goto out_unlock;
	if (!SlabFrozen(page) && !page->freelist)
		remove_full(s, page);
	if (s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
		set_track(s, x, TRACK_FREE, addr);
	trace(s, page, object, 0);
	init_object(s, object, 0);
	goto checks_ok;
}

/*
 * Fastpath with forced inlining to produce a kfree and kmem_cache_free that
 * can perform fastpath freeing without additional function calls.
 *
 * The fastpath is only possible if we are freeing to the current cpu slab
 * of this processor. This typically the case if we have just allocated
 * the item before.
 *
 * If fastpath is not possible then fall back to __slab_free where we deal
 * with all sorts of special processing.
 */
static void __always_inline slab_free(struct kmem_cache *s,
			struct page *page, void *x, void *addr)
{
	void **object = (void *)x;
	unsigned long flags;

	local_irq_save(flags);
	if (likely(page == s->cpu_slab[smp_processor_id()] &&
						!SlabDebug(page))) {
		object[page->offset] = page->lockless_freelist;
		page->lockless_freelist = object;
	} else
		__slab_free(s, page, x, addr);

	local_irq_restore(flags);
}

void kmem_cache_free(struct kmem_cache *s, void *x)
{
	struct page *page;

	page = virt_to_head_page(x);

	slab_free(s, page, x, __builtin_return_address(0));
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_free);

/* Figure out on which slab object the object resides */
static struct page *get_object_page(const void *x)
{
	struct page *page = virt_to_head_page(x);

	if (!PageSlab(page))
		return NULL;

	return page;
}

/*
 * Object placement in a slab is made very easy because we always start at
 * offset 0. If we tune the size of the object to the alignment then we can
 * get the required alignment by putting one properly sized object after
 * another.
 *
 * Notice that the allocation order determines the sizes of the per cpu
 * caches. Each processor has always one slab available for allocations.
 * Increasing the allocation order reduces the number of times that slabs
 * must be moved on and off the partial lists and is therefore a factor in
 * locking overhead.
 */

/*
 * Mininum / Maximum order of slab pages. This influences locking overhead
 * and slab fragmentation. A higher order reduces the number of partial slabs
 * and increases the number of allocations possible without having to
 * take the list_lock.
 */
static int slub_min_order;
static int slub_max_order = DEFAULT_MAX_ORDER;
static int slub_min_objects = DEFAULT_MIN_OBJECTS;

/*
 * Merge control. If this is set then no merging of slab caches will occur.
 * (Could be removed. This was introduced to pacify the merge skeptics.)
 */
static int slub_nomerge;

/*
 * Calculate the order of allocation given an slab object size.
 *
 * The order of allocation has significant impact on performance and other
 * system components. Generally order 0 allocations should be preferred since
 * order 0 does not cause fragmentation in the page allocator. Larger objects
 * be problematic to put into order 0 slabs because there may be too much
 * unused space left. We go to a higher order if more than 1/8th of the slab
 * would be wasted.
 *
 * In order to reach satisfactory performance we must ensure that a minimum
 * number of objects is in one slab. Otherwise we may generate too much
 * activity on the partial lists which requires taking the list_lock. This is
 * less a concern for large slabs though which are rarely used.
 *
 * slub_max_order specifies the order where we begin to stop considering the
 * number of objects in a slab as critical. If we reach slub_max_order then
 * we try to keep the page order as low as possible. So we accept more waste
 * of space in favor of a small page order.
 *
 * Higher order allocations also allow the placement of more objects in a
 * slab and thereby reduce object handling overhead. If the user has
 * requested a higher mininum order then we start with that one instead of
 * the smallest order which will fit the object.
 */
static inline int slab_order(int size, int min_objects,
				int max_order, int fract_leftover)
{
	int order;
	int rem;

	for (order = max(slub_min_order,
				fls(min_objects * size - 1) - PAGE_SHIFT);
			order <= max_order; order++) {

		unsigned long slab_size = PAGE_SIZE << order;

		if (slab_size < min_objects * size)
			continue;

		rem = slab_size % size;

		if (rem <= slab_size / fract_leftover)
			break;

	}

	return order;
}

static inline int calculate_order(int size)
{
	int order;
	int min_objects;
	int fraction;

	/*
	 * Attempt to find best configuration for a slab. This
	 * works by first attempting to generate a layout with
	 * the best configuration and backing off gradually.
	 *
	 * First we reduce the acceptable waste in a slab. Then
	 * we reduce the minimum objects required in a slab.
	 */
	min_objects = slub_min_objects;
	while (min_objects > 1) {
		fraction = 8;
		while (fraction >= 4) {
			order = slab_order(size, min_objects,
						slub_max_order, fraction);
			if (order <= slub_max_order)
				return order;
			fraction /= 2;
		}
		min_objects /= 2;
	}

	/*
	 * We were unable to place multiple objects in a slab. Now
	 * lets see if we can place a single object there.
	 */
	order = slab_order(size, 1, slub_max_order, 1);
	if (order <= slub_max_order)
		return order;

	/*
	 * Doh this slab cannot be placed using slub_max_order.
	 */
	order = slab_order(size, 1, MAX_ORDER, 1);
	if (order <= MAX_ORDER)
		return order;
	return -ENOSYS;
}

/*
 * Figure out what the alignment of the objects will be.
 */
static unsigned long calculate_alignment(unsigned long flags,
		unsigned long align, unsigned long size)
{
	/*
	 * If the user wants hardware cache aligned objects then
	 * follow that suggestion if the object is sufficiently
	 * large.
	 *
	 * The hardware cache alignment cannot override the
	 * specified alignment though. If that is greater
	 * then use it.
	 */
	if ((flags & SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN) &&
			size > cache_line_size() / 2)
		return max_t(unsigned long, align, cache_line_size());

	if (align < ARCH_SLAB_MINALIGN)
		return ARCH_SLAB_MINALIGN;

	return ALIGN(align, sizeof(void *));
}

static void init_kmem_cache_node(struct kmem_cache_node *n)
{
	n->nr_partial = 0;
	atomic_long_set(&n->nr_slabs, 0);
	spin_lock_init(&n->list_lock);
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&n->partial);
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&n->full);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
/*
 * No kmalloc_node yet so do it by hand. We know that this is the first
 * slab on the node for this slabcache. There are no concurrent accesses
 * possible.
 *
 * Note that this function only works on the kmalloc_node_cache
 * when allocating for the kmalloc_node_cache.
 */
static struct kmem_cache_node * __init early_kmem_cache_node_alloc(gfp_t gfpflags,
								int node)
{
	struct page *page;
	struct kmem_cache_node *n;

	BUG_ON(kmalloc_caches->size < sizeof(struct kmem_cache_node));

	page = new_slab(kmalloc_caches, gfpflags | GFP_THISNODE, node);
	/* new_slab() disables interupts */
	local_irq_enable();

	BUG_ON(!page);
	n = page->freelist;
	BUG_ON(!n);
	page->freelist = get_freepointer(kmalloc_caches, n);
	page->inuse++;
	kmalloc_caches->node[node] = n;
	init_object(kmalloc_caches, n, 1);
	init_kmem_cache_node(n);
	atomic_long_inc(&n->nr_slabs);
	add_partial(n,