When we add a new name for an inode which was logged in the current
transaction, we update the inode in the log so that its new name and
ancestors are added to the log. However when we do this we do not persist
the log, so the changes remain in memory only, and as a consequence, any
ancestors that were created in the current transaction are updated such
that future calls to btrfs_inode_in_log() return true. This leads to a
subsequent fsync against such new ancestor directories returning
immediately, without persisting the log, therefore after a power failure
the new ancestor directories do not exist, despite fsync being called
against them explicitly.

Example:

  $ mkfs.btrfs -f /dev/sdb
  $ mount /dev/sdb /mnt

  $ mkdir /mnt/A
  $ mkdir /mnt/B
  $ mkdir /mnt/A/C
  $ touch /mnt/B/foo
  $ xfs_io -c "fsync" /mnt/B/foo
  $ ln /mnt/B/foo /mnt/A/C/foo
  $ xfs_io -c "fsync" /mnt/A
  <power failure>

After the power failure, directory "A" does not exist, despite the explicit
fsync on it.

Instead of fixing this by changing the behaviour of the explicit fsync on
directory "A" to persist the log instead of doing nothing, make the logging
of the new file name (which happens when creating a hard link or renaming)
persist the log. This approach not only is simpler, not requiring addition
of new fields to the inode in memory structure, but also gives us the same
behaviour as ext4, xfs and f2fs (possibly other filesystems too).

A test case for fstests follows soon.

Fixes: 12fcfd22

 ("Btrfs: tree logging unlink/rename fixes")
Reported-by: Vijay Chidambaram <vvijay03@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Filipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>